Hand Sanitizer or Soap and Water? A Canadian Guide
Quick answer: Public Health Agency of Canada guidance says to wash with soap and water for at least 20 seconds when possible, especially when hands are visibly dirty. When running water is not available, hand sanitizer containing at least 60% alcohol can be used according to its label.
Updated July 30, 2026. Always follow the specific product label, warnings and storage instructions.
Why soap and water comes first
Handwashing physically removes dirt and germs. Public-health guidance recommends wetting the hands, applying soap, rubbing all hand surfaces for at least 20 seconds, rinsing and drying. Soap and water is particularly important when hands are visibly dirty or greasy.
When hand sanitizer is useful
Hand sanitizer can be practical where running water is not immediately available. Public-health guidance recommends enough product to wet both hands completely, followed by rubbing the palms, backs of hands, between fingers, thumbs and under nails for about 20 seconds or until dry.
Read the complete label
Check the active ingredient, concentration, directions, warnings, product number where applicable, expiry information and storage instructions. Do not assume two products are interchangeable based on bottle size or scent.
Safety and storage
- Hand sanitizer is for external use only.
- Keep it out of reach of children and supervise use where appropriate.
- Do not swallow it.
- Follow flammability warnings for alcohol-based products.
- Store it in its original container and according to the label.
- Do not make or refill products using unverified recipes.
Choosing a bottle and dispenser format
Small flip-top bottles can suit personal travel or bags. Mid-size bottles work at desks and reception areas. Larger pump bottles can suit shared stations where the product and workplace procedure are appropriate. A dispenser should be compatible with the product format and maintained to avoid empty or damaged stations.
Hand sanitizer is not a surface disinfectant
Skin antiseptics and surface disinfectants have different formulations, labels and directions. Use each product only for the purpose identified on its label, including required contact time for surface products.
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